皮肤屏障成分
多年来，研究已经考虑了主要皮肤屏障脂质成分、神经酰胺、胆固醇和脂肪酸的应用，以改善皮肤屏障功能和随后的皮肤水合作用。1993年，Man等人发现，神经酰胺和脂肪酸在不含胆固醇的情况下一起使用时，会延缓屏障的恢复。此外，胆固醇加脂肪酸或胆固醇加神经酰胺的另外两种混合物延迟了屏障修复。这些不完全的混合物产生异常的板层体，导致异常的SC细胞间膜双层。相比之下，神经酰胺、脂肪酸和胆固醇(所有三种主要脂质成分)的完全混合物可以实现正常的屏障恢复。62在年轻小鼠(10周)和人类(20-30岁)中进行的研究表明，以等摩尔比应用胆固醇、神经酰胺和必需/非必需游离脂肪酸(FFAs)的混合物可以实现正常的屏障恢复，而这四种成分的任何3:1:1:1:1比例都会加速屏障恢复。63目前，最好的屏障修复保湿剂的目标是以3:1:1的比例提供这些重要成分一些品牌如AtoPalm，Tri Ceram，LBR Lipocream和Dove都是以此为目的设计的。
胶原蛋白和多肽成分
许多昂贵的保湿剂含有胶原蛋白，一些制造商声称，这种配方中的胶原蛋白可以取代老化过程中损失的胶原蛋白。然而，这种说法是没有根据的，因为大多数胶原蛋白“提取物”的分子量为15，000至50，000道尔顿。只有分子量为5000道尔顿或更低的物质才能透过皮肤角质层。4这些产品之所以受欢迎，可能是因为它们所含的胶原蛋白和其他水解蛋白质和多肽在皮肤上留下了一层薄膜，填补了表面的不平整。这与护发素的工作原理非常相似。一旦产品干燥，蛋白质薄膜会轻微收缩，导致皮肤细纹的细微伸展。当然，这种效果是暂时的，但可以通过添加保湿剂来增强，以进一步暂时丰满细小的皱纹。这些产品通常被称为紧肤霜和保湿霜，尽管它们对TEWL几乎没有影响。
透明质酸
透明质酸(HA)是一种吸湿性糖，可以结合超过其重量1000倍的水。它是在人类真皮中发现的最丰富的糖胺聚糖。近来用于注射入真皮以矫正皱纹的透明质酸填充物的流行导致了市场上过多的含透明质酸的保湿剂。透明质酸是皮肤表面的保湿剂。与许多市场宣传相反，当局部使用时，它不能穿透表皮进入真皮。
多年来，研究已经考虑了主要皮肤屏障脂质成分、神经酰胺、胆固醇和脂肪酸的应用，以改善皮肤屏障功能和随后的皮肤水合作用。1993年，Man等人发现，神经酰胺和脂肪酸在不含胆固醇的情况下一起使用时，会延缓屏障的恢复。此外，胆固醇加脂肪酸或胆固醇加神经酰胺的另外两种混合物延迟了屏障修复。这些不完全的混合物产生异常的板层体，导致异常的SC细胞间膜双层。相比之下，神经酰胺、脂肪酸和胆固醇(所有三种主要脂质成分)的完全混合物可以实现正常的屏障恢复。62在年轻小鼠(10周)和人类(20-30岁)中进行的研究表明，以等摩尔比应用胆固醇、神经酰胺和必需/非必需游离脂肪酸(FFAs)的混合物可以实现正常的屏障恢复，而这四种成分的任何3:1:1:1:1比例都会加速屏障恢复。63目前，最好的屏障修复保湿剂的目标是以3:1:1的比例提供这些重要成分一些品牌如AtoPalm，Tri Ceram，LBR Lipocream和Dove都是以此为目的设计的。
胶原蛋白和多肽成分
许多昂贵的保湿剂含有胶原蛋白，一些制造商声称，这种配方中的胶原蛋白可以取代老化过程中损失的胶原蛋白。然而，这种说法是没有根据的，因为大多数胶原蛋白“提取物”的分子量为15，000至50，000道尔顿。只有分子量为5000道尔顿或更低的物质才能透过皮肤角质层。4这些产品之所以受欢迎，可能是因为它们所含的胶原蛋白和其他水解蛋白质和多肽在皮肤上留下了一层薄膜，填补了表面的不平整。这与护发素的工作原理非常相似。一旦产品干燥，蛋白质薄膜会轻微收缩，导致皮肤细纹的细微伸展。当然，这种效果是暂时的，但可以通过添加保湿剂来增强，以进一步暂时丰满细小的皱纹。这些产品通常被称为紧肤霜和保湿霜，尽管它们对TEWL几乎没有影响。
透明质酸
透明质酸(HA)是一种吸湿性糖，可以结合超过其重量1000倍的水。它是在人类真皮中发现的最丰富的糖胺聚糖。近来用于注射入真皮以矫正皱纹的透明质酸填充物的流行导致了市场上过多的含透明质酸的保湿剂。透明质酸是皮肤表面的保湿剂。与许多市场宣传相反，当局部使用时，它不能穿透表皮进入真皮。
僅代表HIYA同大家講聲聖誕節快樂 !
Merry Christmas!
#藝術作品 #藝術展覽 #香港藝術 #香港展覽 #藝術家 #香港藝術家 #創意 #創作 #藝術創意 #藝術創意分享 #色彩美學 #藝術分享 #hk #art #artist #hkart #hkexhibition #creative #innovation #creation #design #paintings #artinstallations #ceramics #mixedmedia #productdesign
Merry Christmas!
#藝術作品 #藝術展覽 #香港藝術 #香港展覽 #藝術家 #香港藝術家 #創意 #創作 #藝術創意 #藝術創意分享 #色彩美學 #藝術分享 #hk #art #artist #hkart #hkexhibition #creative #innovation #creation #design #paintings #artinstallations #ceramics #mixedmedia #productdesign
Rezig launches caravan of ceramic exports to Bahrain, Niger
BATNA- Minister of Trade and Export Promotion, Kamel Rezig launched on Tuesday from the site of Dhraa Bensebah business area in the municipality of Tazoult (province of Batna) the start of an export caravan of ceramics to Bahrain and Niger.
The two shipments include 7,412 m2 of this product, according to the explanations given to the minister, who was accompanied by Wali (Governor) of Batna, Mohamed Benmalek, and the managers of the private exporting company Ceram-Decor, who said that their first export experiences date back to 2018.
On-site, Rezig said that the decision taken by President of the Republic, Abdelmadjid Tebboune, to protect this industry by encouraging it and banning the import of the same products, “satisfied the needs of the national market and directed it towards exports.”
In this regard, Rezig recalled the measures provided by the State to protect this local product against foreign competition and the support of investors in this field in order to develop it and reach self-sufficiency and export.
He added that certain sectors, in which Algeria has great competitive advantages, are developing, particularly regarding African and Arab markets, namely ceramics produced locally according to standards and characteristics equal to those of international products in order to promote exports.
“We receive great demands in this field from neighboring and other countries,” said the Minister, who invited producers to further develop their products for export to African and Arab countries, and increase non-hydrocarbon revenues.
BATNA- Minister of Trade and Export Promotion, Kamel Rezig launched on Tuesday from the site of Dhraa Bensebah business area in the municipality of Tazoult (province of Batna) the start of an export caravan of ceramics to Bahrain and Niger.
The two shipments include 7,412 m2 of this product, according to the explanations given to the minister, who was accompanied by Wali (Governor) of Batna, Mohamed Benmalek, and the managers of the private exporting company Ceram-Decor, who said that their first export experiences date back to 2018.
On-site, Rezig said that the decision taken by President of the Republic, Abdelmadjid Tebboune, to protect this industry by encouraging it and banning the import of the same products, “satisfied the needs of the national market and directed it towards exports.”
In this regard, Rezig recalled the measures provided by the State to protect this local product against foreign competition and the support of investors in this field in order to develop it and reach self-sufficiency and export.
He added that certain sectors, in which Algeria has great competitive advantages, are developing, particularly regarding African and Arab markets, namely ceramics produced locally according to standards and characteristics equal to those of international products in order to promote exports.
“We receive great demands in this field from neighboring and other countries,” said the Minister, who invited producers to further develop their products for export to African and Arab countries, and increase non-hydrocarbon revenues.
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