#阳光信用# [赞]#正能量#
做一个清淡寡言的女子,安静于暖,安然于甜。目有所望,心有所想。以谦虚之心,领岁月教诲;以虔诚之态,敬来日方长。不惊岁月波澜,不为暗流涌动。昨天的太阳,晒不干今天的衣服;明天的风雨,淋不湿今天的心情。该忘的忘,该放的放!好好生活,好好工作!让心归零,心存美好,微笑前行!
做一个清淡寡言的女子,安静于暖,安然于甜。目有所望,心有所想。以谦虚之心,领岁月教诲;以虔诚之态,敬来日方长。不惊岁月波澜,不为暗流涌动。昨天的太阳,晒不干今天的衣服;明天的风雨,淋不湿今天的心情。该忘的忘,该放的放!好好生活,好好工作!让心归零,心存美好,微笑前行!
#双语阅读#【古文里的高级审美词汇,怎样翻译成英文?】品佳作,赞盛景,本想脱口而出,奈何词穷无言。中华文化广而博,这里整理了一些古文中高级审美词汇表达,学起来吧!
1.洗炼 Terseness / Make Writing Succinct
精简词句,提炼要义。洗炼是一种文字干净、主旨鲜明的文学风格。
This term means that wording should be refined to highlight the essential message. Terseness is a mark of neat and thematically explicit writing.
▌引例
不洗不净,不炼不纯。惟陈言之务去,独戛戛乎生新。(孙联奎《诗品臆说》)
Nothing will be clean until it is cleansed. Nothing will be pure until it is refined. Only by ridding ourselves of any banality, can we become truly original.
2.雄浑 Powerfulness
指雄健有力、浑厚自然的艺术风格与审美气象。
This term, which literally means power and splendor, refers to a natural and powerful artistic style and aesthetic taste.
▌引例
大力无敌为雄,元气未分为浑。(杨廷芝《 <二十四诗品> 浅解》)
Powerfulness means invincible power and indivisible mass of vital energy.
3.纯素 Pure and Unadorned
纯粹而素朴。指纯然素朴、不加人工雕饰的本色之美。
This term refers to natural, unadorned beauty.
▌引例
纯素之道,惟神是守。守而勿失,与神为一。 (《庄子·刻意》)
Within spiritual being lies the value of pure simplicity. If you retain your spirit without fail, you became one with it.
4.隐秀 Latent Sentiment and Evident Beauty
诗歌与文章既隐含丰富的思想感情,又有秀美的名言佳句。
This term means that prose and poetry may contain latent sentiments and thoughts, as well as expressions and sentences that present an apparent sense of beauty.
▌引例
情在词外曰隐,状溢目前曰秀。 (张戒《岁寒堂诗话》卷上引刘勰语)
Latency happens when feelings and thoughts are hidden between the lines of a literary work. Evident beauty occurs when messages of sentiment and feelings are vividly portrayed by the images the author creates.
5.飘逸 Natural Grace
指诗歌作品中所表现出的逍遥自适、超凡脱俗、无拘无束的审美情趣和艺术风格。
Natural Grace refers to free and unconstrained aesthetic style and artistic appeal in poetic works.
▌引例
子美不能为太白之飘逸,太白不能为子美之沉郁。 (严羽《沧浪诗话·诗评》)
Du Fu could not write as freely and unconstrained as Li Bai, while the latter did not possess the style of melancholy and profoundness typical of Du Fu’s poems.
6.空灵 Ethereal Effect
空灵用笔洗练,重在传达神韵,具有空灵特点的作品澄澈透明、飘逸灵动,能使人体悟到自由超脱的审美愉悦。
The notion of ethereal effect values simple layout and economical use of details, seeking to convey character and imagination. Works that make use of ethereal effect convey a wonderful lucidity, and possess openness, freedom, and natural grace. Such works enable viewers to appreciate the aesthetic joy of free imagination.
▌引例
古人用笔极塞实处愈见空灵,今人布置一角已见繁缛。(恽格《南田画跋·题画》)
When painting, classical artists made use of ethereal effect all the more where a dense collection of objects normally was required. However today’s artists no sooner begin to paint than they fill the space with elaborate details.
7.枯淡 Dry Plainness
指诗文作品所呈现的质朴干枯、平和清淡的艺术风格。
This refers to a literary style that appears plain and dry, mild and moderate.
枯淡不是枯涩寡味、平庸浅薄,而是指外表看似干枯平淡、内里丰腴醇厚的一种表现手法,旨在用质朴平淡的语言和描写来表现丰富深刻的思想内容,创造出含蓄深邃、醇厚高远的意境。
▌引例
所贵乎枯淡者,谓其外枯而中膏,似淡而实美,渊明、子厚之流是也。(苏轼《评韩柳诗》)
I value the style of dry plainness because it looks withered and dry outside but is rich inside; it appears plain but is in fact beautiful. Poetry by such writers as Tao Yuanming and Liu Zongyuan is like this.
8.畅神 Free Flow of One's Mind
指精神与自然合一时所达到的自由舒畅的一种审美状态。
The term describes a state of mind one achieves when appreciating an artwork, in which process one's inner feelings interact freely and joyfully with nature.
▌引例
圣贤映于绝代,万趣融其神思,余复何为哉?畅神而已。(宗炳《画山水序》)
As sages of remote past already discovered the philosophical wisdom inherent in nature through imagination and contemplation, what more do I need to do now? All I have to do is relishing the joy when my mind interacts freely with the depicted landscape.
9.高古 Unadorned Antiquity
高远古朴,高雅简古。用于文艺批评,主要指文艺作品中所体现出的意蕴高远古朴、情志高雅,凝重而又深具历史感的艺术风格。
This term describes the quality of loftiness or primitive simplicity, and is used primarily in literary criticism to refer to an ancient nobility, an aspiration or sentiment, or an artistic style of historical gravity.
它有时也指高人雅士独具的一种人格境界。
This term is also used to refer to an elevated state of being attained by noble-minded persons.
▌引例
汉人诗文,存于今者,无不高古浑朴。(章学诚《文史通义·内篇五·妇学篇书后》)
Prose and poetry by Han Dynasty authors, so long as they have survived to this day, all show a lofty adherence to an unadorned antiquity and a charming rusticity.
10.气象 Prevailing Features
原是自然界中景色物候的总称,也指某个时期社会的总体精神风貌。
Qixiang (气象), originally a term about the general state of scenery and physical objects in nature, also refers to the prevailing features of a society in a given period of time.
具体到艺术领域,指艺术作品所呈现出的风格与气概,内涵偏重于宏伟壮大,多用“雄浑”(heroic)“浑厚”(immense)“峥嵘”(sublime)等来修饰。
▌引例
盛唐诸公之诗,如颜鲁公书,既笔力雄壮,又气象浑厚。(严羽《答出继叔临安吴景仙书》)
Works of many poets during the prime of the Tang Dynasty struck readers with their powerful expression, just like the calligraphy of Yan Zhenqing.(内容来源于中国日报网英语点津)
1.洗炼 Terseness / Make Writing Succinct
精简词句,提炼要义。洗炼是一种文字干净、主旨鲜明的文学风格。
This term means that wording should be refined to highlight the essential message. Terseness is a mark of neat and thematically explicit writing.
▌引例
不洗不净,不炼不纯。惟陈言之务去,独戛戛乎生新。(孙联奎《诗品臆说》)
Nothing will be clean until it is cleansed. Nothing will be pure until it is refined. Only by ridding ourselves of any banality, can we become truly original.
2.雄浑 Powerfulness
指雄健有力、浑厚自然的艺术风格与审美气象。
This term, which literally means power and splendor, refers to a natural and powerful artistic style and aesthetic taste.
▌引例
大力无敌为雄,元气未分为浑。(杨廷芝《 <二十四诗品> 浅解》)
Powerfulness means invincible power and indivisible mass of vital energy.
3.纯素 Pure and Unadorned
纯粹而素朴。指纯然素朴、不加人工雕饰的本色之美。
This term refers to natural, unadorned beauty.
▌引例
纯素之道,惟神是守。守而勿失,与神为一。 (《庄子·刻意》)
Within spiritual being lies the value of pure simplicity. If you retain your spirit without fail, you became one with it.
4.隐秀 Latent Sentiment and Evident Beauty
诗歌与文章既隐含丰富的思想感情,又有秀美的名言佳句。
This term means that prose and poetry may contain latent sentiments and thoughts, as well as expressions and sentences that present an apparent sense of beauty.
▌引例
情在词外曰隐,状溢目前曰秀。 (张戒《岁寒堂诗话》卷上引刘勰语)
Latency happens when feelings and thoughts are hidden between the lines of a literary work. Evident beauty occurs when messages of sentiment and feelings are vividly portrayed by the images the author creates.
5.飘逸 Natural Grace
指诗歌作品中所表现出的逍遥自适、超凡脱俗、无拘无束的审美情趣和艺术风格。
Natural Grace refers to free and unconstrained aesthetic style and artistic appeal in poetic works.
▌引例
子美不能为太白之飘逸,太白不能为子美之沉郁。 (严羽《沧浪诗话·诗评》)
Du Fu could not write as freely and unconstrained as Li Bai, while the latter did not possess the style of melancholy and profoundness typical of Du Fu’s poems.
6.空灵 Ethereal Effect
空灵用笔洗练,重在传达神韵,具有空灵特点的作品澄澈透明、飘逸灵动,能使人体悟到自由超脱的审美愉悦。
The notion of ethereal effect values simple layout and economical use of details, seeking to convey character and imagination. Works that make use of ethereal effect convey a wonderful lucidity, and possess openness, freedom, and natural grace. Such works enable viewers to appreciate the aesthetic joy of free imagination.
▌引例
古人用笔极塞实处愈见空灵,今人布置一角已见繁缛。(恽格《南田画跋·题画》)
When painting, classical artists made use of ethereal effect all the more where a dense collection of objects normally was required. However today’s artists no sooner begin to paint than they fill the space with elaborate details.
7.枯淡 Dry Plainness
指诗文作品所呈现的质朴干枯、平和清淡的艺术风格。
This refers to a literary style that appears plain and dry, mild and moderate.
枯淡不是枯涩寡味、平庸浅薄,而是指外表看似干枯平淡、内里丰腴醇厚的一种表现手法,旨在用质朴平淡的语言和描写来表现丰富深刻的思想内容,创造出含蓄深邃、醇厚高远的意境。
▌引例
所贵乎枯淡者,谓其外枯而中膏,似淡而实美,渊明、子厚之流是也。(苏轼《评韩柳诗》)
I value the style of dry plainness because it looks withered and dry outside but is rich inside; it appears plain but is in fact beautiful. Poetry by such writers as Tao Yuanming and Liu Zongyuan is like this.
8.畅神 Free Flow of One's Mind
指精神与自然合一时所达到的自由舒畅的一种审美状态。
The term describes a state of mind one achieves when appreciating an artwork, in which process one's inner feelings interact freely and joyfully with nature.
▌引例
圣贤映于绝代,万趣融其神思,余复何为哉?畅神而已。(宗炳《画山水序》)
As sages of remote past already discovered the philosophical wisdom inherent in nature through imagination and contemplation, what more do I need to do now? All I have to do is relishing the joy when my mind interacts freely with the depicted landscape.
9.高古 Unadorned Antiquity
高远古朴,高雅简古。用于文艺批评,主要指文艺作品中所体现出的意蕴高远古朴、情志高雅,凝重而又深具历史感的艺术风格。
This term describes the quality of loftiness or primitive simplicity, and is used primarily in literary criticism to refer to an ancient nobility, an aspiration or sentiment, or an artistic style of historical gravity.
它有时也指高人雅士独具的一种人格境界。
This term is also used to refer to an elevated state of being attained by noble-minded persons.
▌引例
汉人诗文,存于今者,无不高古浑朴。(章学诚《文史通义·内篇五·妇学篇书后》)
Prose and poetry by Han Dynasty authors, so long as they have survived to this day, all show a lofty adherence to an unadorned antiquity and a charming rusticity.
10.气象 Prevailing Features
原是自然界中景色物候的总称,也指某个时期社会的总体精神风貌。
Qixiang (气象), originally a term about the general state of scenery and physical objects in nature, also refers to the prevailing features of a society in a given period of time.
具体到艺术领域,指艺术作品所呈现出的风格与气概,内涵偏重于宏伟壮大,多用“雄浑”(heroic)“浑厚”(immense)“峥嵘”(sublime)等来修饰。
▌引例
盛唐诸公之诗,如颜鲁公书,既笔力雄壮,又气象浑厚。(严羽《答出继叔临安吴景仙书》)
Works of many poets during the prime of the Tang Dynasty struck readers with their powerful expression, just like the calligraphy of Yan Zhenqing.(内容来源于中国日报网英语点津)
#若要小儿安,三分饥与寒# 这句俗说的是在日常照顾孩子时,如果想要孩子健康成长、少生病,就不要喂得太饱,这样就不容易伤及孩子脾胃,可以减少疾病的发生;同时也不要给孩子穿得太暖,以免内热出汗,毛孔扩张,而使外邪入内,罹患疾病。#儿童常见病防治#
一、吃饭保持七分饱
孩子吃得多才能长得快,为了孩子能多吃一口,家长们没少使劲。在平时生活中,这些现象很常见:孩子在前面奔跑玩闹,家长在后面追着孩子喂饭;在看动画片或做游戏时,家长会趁孩子不注意时猛塞一口饭;即便孩子表示已经吃饱了,家长还会劝孩子再多吃一点……
中医认为小儿饮食不节,过食肥甘生冷,伤及脾胃,脾胃失司,受纳运化失职,升降不调,乃成积滞。积滞日久,脾胃更伤,转化为疳。脾胃虚寒薄弱,则乳食难以腐熟,而使乳食停积,壅聚中焦,阻碍气机,时日渐久,致使营养失调,患儿羸瘦,气液虚衰,发育障碍。
孩子的消化系统还没发育成熟,消化能力也比较弱,虽然生长发育需要许多的营养物质,但如果吃得太饱容易加重小儿胃肠道的负荷,无论是胃肠道的蠕动还是分泌的消化液,都不能满足过多食物的消化和吸收,从而容易出现腹胀、腹痛、便秘、腹泻等问题,还容易造成食积发热。吃得过饱会刺激胃肠道血运加强,从而增加心脏的负担。
而人在饥饿状态下,会促进脑垂体更多地分泌生长激素,可刺激儿童骨骼生长。因此,每次给宝宝喂奶不要太饱,否则会阻止生长激素分泌,让孩子长不高。
所以要让孩子经常带有“三分饥”。
二、穿衣掌握三分寒
现在流行一句话:“有种冷,叫奶奶觉得冷!”许多老年人带孩子都有同样的现象,就是自己觉得冷了,就认为孩子肯定也觉得冷。通常在稍微降温时,老人们都会给孩子添加很多衣服。人体在受到外界寒冷侵袭时,通常会调集卫气分布于体表,从而抵御寒冷。因此,适度的寒冷反而有助于增强免疫、预防感冒。
中医认为小儿是纯阳之体,天性活泼、好动,新陈代谢相对较快,而且活动量较大,孩子的产热速度快于成年人。穿得过多、过暖,会使孩子散热困难而出汗过多,并浸湿孩子的贴身衣服。这种情况下,被寒风吹过更易感冒,还容易诱发湿疹、汗斑等一些皮肤病。
如果穿得过多,会“久积化热”。有内热也容易导致外感,孩子容易感冒等。给孩子穿得过多,过于暖和,人体毛孔会张开促进散热,如果孩子因觉得热而立马脱衣服的瞬间,寒气又会从孩子开放着的、没有防寒系统的毛孔侵入体内,这样孩子就很容易感冒生病。所以,在稍有凉意的时候,家长们不要急于给孩子添加衣服,要让孩子保持“三分寒”,以增强孩子的抗寒能力。
宝宝穿太多反而容易生病,给你一个正确的穿衣公式!
对于孩子,不光要少穿衣,晚上也不能盖太厚的被子。厚厚的被子会压迫孩子的肺部,使胸廓的扩张程度受限,导致肺的通气量和供氧量相应减少,使其不同程度地出现呼吸急促等缺氧的现象。厚被子透气能力差,导致被子里的温度非常高,会大大增加1岁以内小孩得“捂热综合症”的几率,如果没有及时处理,有可能还会有生命危险。
三、如何把握“三分饥与寒”?
三分饥,是指吃七分饱。每顿饭要把握量,给孩子吃七分饱正好。吃的食物,要以清淡、好消化、好吸收的为主,多吃蔬菜水果,少吃肉食、垃圾食品,避免吃过凉的食物。
三分寒,是说孩子应该穿着适度,根据季节的变化适度、循序渐进地增减衣物。家长们掌握“两凉三暖”这个基本原则即可。
两凉:头凉,心胸凉。头部为诸阳之会,是全身阳气最旺盛的地方,如果捂得过热,会导致头晕心烦,火热过盛。因此,头部保持有凉爽的感觉即可,切不可太过保暖。心胸部位为宗气所在,小儿心有余,穿得过厚,不仅会压迫到胸部,影响正常的呼吸与心脏功能,还会引起心烦与内热。所以,应该保证孩子的心胸凉。
三暖:肚子暖、后背暖、脚暖。肚子是脾胃之所,小儿常脾胃不足,着凉就容易肚子疼,损伤脾胃功能,影响到营养的消化吸收。因此,一定要保证小儿肚子暖。后背有足太阳膀胱经循行,足太阳膀胱经主表,如果受寒受风,就会引起感冒。因此,保证后背部的“适当温暖”可以大大减少感冒的发病。脚部是人体的下端,属阴,寒邪易从脚下生,因此,一定要给孩子脚部保暖。
一、吃饭保持七分饱
孩子吃得多才能长得快,为了孩子能多吃一口,家长们没少使劲。在平时生活中,这些现象很常见:孩子在前面奔跑玩闹,家长在后面追着孩子喂饭;在看动画片或做游戏时,家长会趁孩子不注意时猛塞一口饭;即便孩子表示已经吃饱了,家长还会劝孩子再多吃一点……
中医认为小儿饮食不节,过食肥甘生冷,伤及脾胃,脾胃失司,受纳运化失职,升降不调,乃成积滞。积滞日久,脾胃更伤,转化为疳。脾胃虚寒薄弱,则乳食难以腐熟,而使乳食停积,壅聚中焦,阻碍气机,时日渐久,致使营养失调,患儿羸瘦,气液虚衰,发育障碍。
孩子的消化系统还没发育成熟,消化能力也比较弱,虽然生长发育需要许多的营养物质,但如果吃得太饱容易加重小儿胃肠道的负荷,无论是胃肠道的蠕动还是分泌的消化液,都不能满足过多食物的消化和吸收,从而容易出现腹胀、腹痛、便秘、腹泻等问题,还容易造成食积发热。吃得过饱会刺激胃肠道血运加强,从而增加心脏的负担。
而人在饥饿状态下,会促进脑垂体更多地分泌生长激素,可刺激儿童骨骼生长。因此,每次给宝宝喂奶不要太饱,否则会阻止生长激素分泌,让孩子长不高。
所以要让孩子经常带有“三分饥”。
二、穿衣掌握三分寒
现在流行一句话:“有种冷,叫奶奶觉得冷!”许多老年人带孩子都有同样的现象,就是自己觉得冷了,就认为孩子肯定也觉得冷。通常在稍微降温时,老人们都会给孩子添加很多衣服。人体在受到外界寒冷侵袭时,通常会调集卫气分布于体表,从而抵御寒冷。因此,适度的寒冷反而有助于增强免疫、预防感冒。
中医认为小儿是纯阳之体,天性活泼、好动,新陈代谢相对较快,而且活动量较大,孩子的产热速度快于成年人。穿得过多、过暖,会使孩子散热困难而出汗过多,并浸湿孩子的贴身衣服。这种情况下,被寒风吹过更易感冒,还容易诱发湿疹、汗斑等一些皮肤病。
如果穿得过多,会“久积化热”。有内热也容易导致外感,孩子容易感冒等。给孩子穿得过多,过于暖和,人体毛孔会张开促进散热,如果孩子因觉得热而立马脱衣服的瞬间,寒气又会从孩子开放着的、没有防寒系统的毛孔侵入体内,这样孩子就很容易感冒生病。所以,在稍有凉意的时候,家长们不要急于给孩子添加衣服,要让孩子保持“三分寒”,以增强孩子的抗寒能力。
宝宝穿太多反而容易生病,给你一个正确的穿衣公式!
对于孩子,不光要少穿衣,晚上也不能盖太厚的被子。厚厚的被子会压迫孩子的肺部,使胸廓的扩张程度受限,导致肺的通气量和供氧量相应减少,使其不同程度地出现呼吸急促等缺氧的现象。厚被子透气能力差,导致被子里的温度非常高,会大大增加1岁以内小孩得“捂热综合症”的几率,如果没有及时处理,有可能还会有生命危险。
三、如何把握“三分饥与寒”?
三分饥,是指吃七分饱。每顿饭要把握量,给孩子吃七分饱正好。吃的食物,要以清淡、好消化、好吸收的为主,多吃蔬菜水果,少吃肉食、垃圾食品,避免吃过凉的食物。
三分寒,是说孩子应该穿着适度,根据季节的变化适度、循序渐进地增减衣物。家长们掌握“两凉三暖”这个基本原则即可。
两凉:头凉,心胸凉。头部为诸阳之会,是全身阳气最旺盛的地方,如果捂得过热,会导致头晕心烦,火热过盛。因此,头部保持有凉爽的感觉即可,切不可太过保暖。心胸部位为宗气所在,小儿心有余,穿得过厚,不仅会压迫到胸部,影响正常的呼吸与心脏功能,还会引起心烦与内热。所以,应该保证孩子的心胸凉。
三暖:肚子暖、后背暖、脚暖。肚子是脾胃之所,小儿常脾胃不足,着凉就容易肚子疼,损伤脾胃功能,影响到营养的消化吸收。因此,一定要保证小儿肚子暖。后背有足太阳膀胱经循行,足太阳膀胱经主表,如果受寒受风,就会引起感冒。因此,保证后背部的“适当温暖”可以大大减少感冒的发病。脚部是人体的下端,属阴,寒邪易从脚下生,因此,一定要给孩子脚部保暖。
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