#每日一篇学术文章# 【Regulatory T cells and asthma】（调节性T细胞与哮喘）https://t.cn/A6MPhkDw
概要：哮喘是一种由于II型T辅助细胞(Th2)反应过度而引起的慢性气道炎症疾病。目前以吸入糖皮质激素为基础的治疗仅能控制Th2驱动的慢性嗜酸性炎症，但是不能改变机体对外界过敏原的免疫耐受状态。调节性T细胞(Tregs)是免疫应答的主要负调节细胞，Tregs在调节变态反应、自身免疫反应、移植物抗宿主反应和其他免疫反应中发挥着重要作用。在本文中，我们综述了Tregs的分类和生物学特性、免疫调节机制及诱导分化特性。我们也探讨了Tregs在哮喘领域的研究进展。我们相信，进一步对Tregs调控免疫反应机制的研究会为哮喘防控提供更好的治疗方案和策略。
来源：Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B (Biomedicine & Biotechnology)
概要：哮喘是一种由于II型T辅助细胞(Th2)反应过度而引起的慢性气道炎症疾病。目前以吸入糖皮质激素为基础的治疗仅能控制Th2驱动的慢性嗜酸性炎症，但是不能改变机体对外界过敏原的免疫耐受状态。调节性T细胞(Tregs)是免疫应答的主要负调节细胞，Tregs在调节变态反应、自身免疫反应、移植物抗宿主反应和其他免疫反应中发挥着重要作用。在本文中，我们综述了Tregs的分类和生物学特性、免疫调节机制及诱导分化特性。我们也探讨了Tregs在哮喘领域的研究进展。我们相信，进一步对Tregs调控免疫反应机制的研究会为哮喘防控提供更好的治疗方案和策略。
来源：Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B (Biomedicine & Biotechnology)
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Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and NR;
Multi-connectivity;
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1] and TS 36.300 [2].
En-gNB: node providing NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE, and acting as Secondary Node in EN-DC.
Master Cell Group: in MR-DC, a group of serving cells associated with the Master Node, comprising of the SpCell (PCell) and optionally one or more SCells.
Master node: in MR-DC, the radio access node that provides the control plane connection to the core network. It may be
a Master eNB (in EN-DC),
a Master ng-eNB (in NGEN-DC) or
a Master gNB (in NR-DC and NE-DC).
MCG bearer: in MR-DC, a radio bearer with an RLC bearer (or two RLC bearers, in case of CA packet duplication) only in the MCG.
MN terminated bearer: in MR-DC, a radio bearer for which PDCP is located in the MN.
MCG SRB: in MR-DC, a direct SRB between the MN and the UE.
Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity: Dual Connectivity between E-UTRA and NR nodes, or between two NR nodes.
Ng-eNB: as defined in TS 38.300 [3].
PCell: SpCell of a master cell group.
PSCell: SpCell of a secondary cell group.
RLC bearer: RLC and MAC logical channel configuration of a radio bearer in one cell group.
Secondary Cell Group: in MR-DC, a group of serving cells associated with the Secondary Node, comprising of the SpCell (PSCell) and optionally one or more SCells.
Secondary node: in MR-DC, the radio access node, with no control plane connection to the core network, providing additional resources to the UE. It may be an en-gNB (in EN-DC), a Secondary ng-eNB (in NE-DC) or a Secondary gNB (in NR-DC and NGEN-DC).
SCG bearer: in MR-DC, a radio bearer with an RLC bearer (or two RLC bearers, in case of CA packet duplication) only in the SCG.
SN terminated bearer: in MR-DC, a radio bearer for which PDCP is located in the SN.
SpCell: primary cell of a master or secondary cell group.
SRB3: in EN-DC, NGEN-DC and NR-DC, a direct SRB between the SN and the UE.
Split bearer: in MR-DC, a radio bearer with RLC bearers both in MCG and SCG.
Split PDU Session (or PDU Session split): a PDU Session whose QoS Flows are served by more than one SDAP entities in the NG-RAN.
Split SRB: in MR-DC, a SRB between the MN and the UE with RLC bearers both in MCG and SCG.
User plane resource configuration: in MR-DC with 5GC, encompasses radio network resources and radio access resources related to either
one or more PDU sessions,
one or more QoS flows,
one or more DRBs, or
any combination thereof.
Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and NR;
Multi-connectivity;
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1] and TS 36.300 [2].
En-gNB: node providing NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE, and acting as Secondary Node in EN-DC.
Master Cell Group: in MR-DC, a group of serving cells associated with the Master Node, comprising of the SpCell (PCell) and optionally one or more SCells.
Master node: in MR-DC, the radio access node that provides the control plane connection to the core network. It may be
a Master eNB (in EN-DC),
a Master ng-eNB (in NGEN-DC) or
a Master gNB (in NR-DC and NE-DC).
MCG bearer: in MR-DC, a radio bearer with an RLC bearer (or two RLC bearers, in case of CA packet duplication) only in the MCG.
MN terminated bearer: in MR-DC, a radio bearer for which PDCP is located in the MN.
MCG SRB: in MR-DC, a direct SRB between the MN and the UE.
Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity: Dual Connectivity between E-UTRA and NR nodes, or between two NR nodes.
Ng-eNB: as defined in TS 38.300 [3].
PCell: SpCell of a master cell group.
PSCell: SpCell of a secondary cell group.
RLC bearer: RLC and MAC logical channel configuration of a radio bearer in one cell group.
Secondary Cell Group: in MR-DC, a group of serving cells associated with the Secondary Node, comprising of the SpCell (PSCell) and optionally one or more SCells.
Secondary node: in MR-DC, the radio access node, with no control plane connection to the core network, providing additional resources to the UE. It may be an en-gNB (in EN-DC), a Secondary ng-eNB (in NE-DC) or a Secondary gNB (in NR-DC and NGEN-DC).
SCG bearer: in MR-DC, a radio bearer with an RLC bearer (or two RLC bearers, in case of CA packet duplication) only in the SCG.
SN terminated bearer: in MR-DC, a radio bearer for which PDCP is located in the SN.
SpCell: primary cell of a master or secondary cell group.
SRB3: in EN-DC, NGEN-DC and NR-DC, a direct SRB between the SN and the UE.
Split bearer: in MR-DC, a radio bearer with RLC bearers both in MCG and SCG.
Split PDU Session (or PDU Session split): a PDU Session whose QoS Flows are served by more than one SDAP entities in the NG-RAN.
Split SRB: in MR-DC, a SRB between the MN and the UE with RLC bearers both in MCG and SCG.
User plane resource configuration: in MR-DC with 5GC, encompasses radio network resources and radio access resources related to either
one or more PDU sessions,
one or more QoS flows,
one or more DRBs, or
any combination thereof.
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这个案例我最满意的在于两点：1.上下扩弓获得间隙直接排齐。2.整个矫正过程只需复诊三次，复诊频率半年左右一次，这么少的复诊次数，在于对隐适美方案的掌控力，所以只花了一年半的时间，就帮助这位在国外留学的姑娘获得了一个饱满的微笑。
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