Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva - before and after surgery!
Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva is the end-stage of a spectrum of disease referred to as ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). OSSN is a malignant disease of the eyes that can lead to loss of vision and, in severe cases, death. The main risk factors for both are exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation outdoors, HIV/AIDS, human papilloma virus and allergic conjunctivitis. The limbal epithelial cells appear to be the progenitorsof this disease.
OSSN is an important ophthalmic public health problem in equatorial Africa, where there are both high levels of UV radiation and a high incidence of HIV/AIDS. Africa has the highest incidence of OSSN in the world, affecting about 1.3 people per 100,000 population per year.
This disease has a variable appearance. Red eye, photophobia, irritation, foreign body sensation and a white, painless, progressive growth on the surface of the eye are common presenting symptoms. Most lesions occur in the interpalpebral fissure, especially on the nasal side. They involve the conjunctiva and may extend onto the peripheral cornea, so visual acuity is often normal in the early stages. It usually only involves one eye. The surface may be gelatinous, papillomatous or fibro-vascular. There is usually inflammation, leukoplakia and markedly dilated blood vessels, referred to as feeder vessels. Some brown to black pigmentation of the lesion is common in African population groups. Most lesions are about 7 mm wide at presentation but late presentation with large orbital tumours are not uncommon.
#医学生Medic[超话]##medicaltalks#
Squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva is the end-stage of a spectrum of disease referred to as ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). OSSN is a malignant disease of the eyes that can lead to loss of vision and, in severe cases, death. The main risk factors for both are exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation outdoors, HIV/AIDS, human papilloma virus and allergic conjunctivitis. The limbal epithelial cells appear to be the progenitorsof this disease.
OSSN is an important ophthalmic public health problem in equatorial Africa, where there are both high levels of UV radiation and a high incidence of HIV/AIDS. Africa has the highest incidence of OSSN in the world, affecting about 1.3 people per 100,000 population per year.
This disease has a variable appearance. Red eye, photophobia, irritation, foreign body sensation and a white, painless, progressive growth on the surface of the eye are common presenting symptoms. Most lesions occur in the interpalpebral fissure, especially on the nasal side. They involve the conjunctiva and may extend onto the peripheral cornea, so visual acuity is often normal in the early stages. It usually only involves one eye. The surface may be gelatinous, papillomatous or fibro-vascular. There is usually inflammation, leukoplakia and markedly dilated blood vessels, referred to as feeder vessels. Some brown to black pigmentation of the lesion is common in African population groups. Most lesions are about 7 mm wide at presentation but late presentation with large orbital tumours are not uncommon.
#医学生Medic[超话]##medicaltalks#
有的时候，一个不着边际的想像，也能发掘自己崭新的一面。比如说，假如30+的Wendy和Iphie突然要relocate去一个新的地方......
Wendy：
说不害怕是假的。只是单纯看看四周，我现在拥有的东西，比八年前刚来香港的时候多得多得多得多... 如果突然要走，我要带走什么？抛弃什么？送别什么？这也只是物质层面而已。比起二十多岁的时候，现在的我对于交朋友这件事也变得更加挑剔，到了一个新的环境，要重新寻找聊得来的朋友，重新建立自己的生活圈，重新⋯⋯
话虽这样说，稍微想过一轮后，却更愿意以“不要让自己更舒适”为理由，为“随时都有可能要离开”做好准备。重新审视我所拥有的物品，哪些是累赘，哪些是对我而言真的很重要的东西，借此机会也可以重新审视自己的生活，我是不是无形间被什么东西束缚住了曾经拥有过的自由？
三十多岁比起二十多岁，要思考的东西确实更多，但30 is the new 20，稍微调整一下自己的心态，还是很愿意迎接relocate这样的挑战！
Iphie：
20+的时候，对新的城市总是充满好奇和幻想。每次搬到新的城市总会想，“这会是我扎根的地方吗？我要跟这里创造一个怎样的故事？我会变成一个怎样的我？”
在30出头的年纪，回到自己的故乡。发现早已不是原本的自己，我早已失去了自己的“根”，开始自我探寻的一段旅程。然后发现，重新发现故乡的一切，给了我前所未有的底气。
未来，如果突然要relocate去到另一个城市，我会带着这份底气，继续冒险，继续塑造一个理想中的自己。
#播客笔记##播客##成长##三十岁之后还能青春吗##三十岁后还敢谈理想吗#
Wendy：
说不害怕是假的。只是单纯看看四周，我现在拥有的东西，比八年前刚来香港的时候多得多得多得多... 如果突然要走，我要带走什么？抛弃什么？送别什么？这也只是物质层面而已。比起二十多岁的时候，现在的我对于交朋友这件事也变得更加挑剔，到了一个新的环境，要重新寻找聊得来的朋友，重新建立自己的生活圈，重新⋯⋯
话虽这样说，稍微想过一轮后，却更愿意以“不要让自己更舒适”为理由，为“随时都有可能要离开”做好准备。重新审视我所拥有的物品，哪些是累赘，哪些是对我而言真的很重要的东西，借此机会也可以重新审视自己的生活，我是不是无形间被什么东西束缚住了曾经拥有过的自由？
三十多岁比起二十多岁，要思考的东西确实更多，但30 is the new 20，稍微调整一下自己的心态，还是很愿意迎接relocate这样的挑战！
Iphie：
20+的时候，对新的城市总是充满好奇和幻想。每次搬到新的城市总会想，“这会是我扎根的地方吗？我要跟这里创造一个怎样的故事？我会变成一个怎样的我？”
在30出头的年纪，回到自己的故乡。发现早已不是原本的自己，我早已失去了自己的“根”，开始自我探寻的一段旅程。然后发现，重新发现故乡的一切，给了我前所未有的底气。
未来，如果突然要relocate去到另一个城市，我会带着这份底气，继续冒险，继续塑造一个理想中的自己。
#播客笔记##播客##成长##三十岁之后还能青春吗##三十岁后还敢谈理想吗#
Life is too short for long-term grudges 人生短暂，何必长期心怀怨念一个人需要的东西愈少，他的幸福就愈大；一个人的愿望愈多，他的自由就愈少 ——高尔基咬定青山不放松，立根原在破岩中。千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风 ——郑燮《竹石》我只能永远读着对白，读着我给你的伤害，读完了依赖，我很快就离开 ——周杰伦 《搁浅》笑一个吧，功成名就不是目的，让自己快乐快乐，这才叫做意义 ——周杰伦《稻香》垂下的头颅只是为了让思想扬起，你若有一个不屈的灵魂，脚下就会有一片坚实的土地。早安
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