#医学前沿# 【MBio: D(-)型乳酸——女性阴道微生态的健康卫士】
细菌性阴道炎是女性最常见的生殖道感染，通常由于受到细菌、病毒、衣原体、霉菌、滴虫等的侵袭，其中以衣原体感染最为普遍。流行病学研究证实乳酸菌介导的微生态系统在抵御衣原体感染方面发挥着重要作用。研究乳酸菌生态系统抵御衣原体感染的机制对女性健康及性传播疾病的预防及治疗有重要意义。
在最近的一项研究中，马里兰大学的研究人员通过提取四种社区类型（community state types, CSTs）乳酸杆菌的培养液上清并添加到衣原体感染的宫颈上皮细胞培养体系中开展研究，结果四种乳酸杆菌的代谢产物能够抑制衣原体的增殖。
研究者认为，“衣原体感染和其他性传播疾病影响受感染个体的健康和女性的生育能力。因此，这些结果对于理解阴道微生物组与生殖健康的多个方面之间的相互作用是非常重要的。”
细菌性阴道炎是女性最常见的生殖道感染，通常由于受到细菌、病毒、衣原体、霉菌、滴虫等的侵袭，其中以衣原体感染最为普遍。流行病学研究证实乳酸菌介导的微生态系统在抵御衣原体感染方面发挥着重要作用。研究乳酸菌生态系统抵御衣原体感染的机制对女性健康及性传播疾病的预防及治疗有重要意义。
在最近的一项研究中，马里兰大学的研究人员通过提取四种社区类型（community state types, CSTs）乳酸杆菌的培养液上清并添加到衣原体感染的宫颈上皮细胞培养体系中开展研究，结果四种乳酸杆菌的代谢产物能够抑制衣原体的增殖。
研究者认为，“衣原体感染和其他性传播疾病影响受感染个体的健康和女性的生育能力。因此，这些结果对于理解阴道微生物组与生殖健康的多个方面之间的相互作用是非常重要的。”
[空星]UL 10B Fire Test of Door Assemblies
UL 10B 针对门系统结构的防火测试
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证 – UL认证简述
UL认证是为市场得到具有相当安全水准的商品，为人身健康和财产安全得到保证作出贡献。就产品安全认证作为消除国际贸易技术壁垒的有效手段而言，UL为促进国际贸易的发展也发挥着积极的作用。
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－涵盖范围：
– These methods of fire tests are applicable to door assemblies of various materials and types of construction for use in wall openings to retard the passage of fire
– Tests made in conformity with these test methods register performance during the test exposure; and such tests shall not be construed as determining compliance for use after exposure to fire
– It is the intent that tests made in conformity with these test methods develop data to enable regulatory bodies to determine the compliance of door assemblies for use in locations where fire resistance of a specified duration is required.
– These methods are intended to evaluate the ability of a door assembly to remain in an opening during a predetermined test exposure
– The tests expose a specimen to a standard fire exposure controlled to achieve specified temperatures throughout a specified time period, followed by the application of a specified standard fire hose stream. The exposure, however, is not representative of all fire conditions, which vary with changes in the amount, nature, and distribution of fire loading, ventilation, compartment size and configuration, and heat sink characteristics of the compartment. It does, however, provide a relative measure of fire performance of door assemblies under these specified fire exposure conditions.
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－标准时间—温度曲线：
暴露的门系统根据标准规定控制时间—温度，不同时间不同温度显示如下：
– 1000°F (538°C) at 5 min
– 1462°F (795°C)at 20 min
– 1550°F (843°C) at 30 min
– 1700°F (927°C) at 1 h
– 1850°F (1010°C) at 2 h
– 2000°F (1093°C) at 4 h
– 其他更多时间
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－相关参考标准
– GB /T 9779复层建筑涂料
– GB /T 9978建筑构件耐火试验方法
– BS 476-20：建筑材料和构件的防火测试.第20部分:建筑构件耐火的测试方法(一般原理)
– BS 476-21：建筑材料和构件的防火测试.第21部分:承重构件耐火的测试方法
– BS 476-22：非载荷建筑元件防火测试方法
– EN 13501-1: 建筑制品和构件的火灾分级第一部分：用对火反应试验数据的分级
– DIN 4102-1: 建筑材料和构件的防火性能第一部分：建筑材料要求和测试的分类等级
– NF P 92-501: 法国材料阻燃防火测试M等级测定－刚性材料（M0,M1,M2,M3,M4）
– NF P 92-503: 法国材料阻燃防火测试M等级测定－柔性材料（M0,M1,M2,M3,M4）
– BS 476: 建筑材料阻燃测试，防火测试
UL 10B 针对门系统结构的防火测试
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证 – UL认证简述
UL认证是为市场得到具有相当安全水准的商品，为人身健康和财产安全得到保证作出贡献。就产品安全认证作为消除国际贸易技术壁垒的有效手段而言，UL为促进国际贸易的发展也发挥着积极的作用。
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－涵盖范围：
– These methods of fire tests are applicable to door assemblies of various materials and types of construction for use in wall openings to retard the passage of fire
– Tests made in conformity with these test methods register performance during the test exposure; and such tests shall not be construed as determining compliance for use after exposure to fire
– It is the intent that tests made in conformity with these test methods develop data to enable regulatory bodies to determine the compliance of door assemblies for use in locations where fire resistance of a specified duration is required.
– These methods are intended to evaluate the ability of a door assembly to remain in an opening during a predetermined test exposure
– The tests expose a specimen to a standard fire exposure controlled to achieve specified temperatures throughout a specified time period, followed by the application of a specified standard fire hose stream. The exposure, however, is not representative of all fire conditions, which vary with changes in the amount, nature, and distribution of fire loading, ventilation, compartment size and configuration, and heat sink characteristics of the compartment. It does, however, provide a relative measure of fire performance of door assemblies under these specified fire exposure conditions.
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－标准时间—温度曲线：
暴露的门系统根据标准规定控制时间—温度，不同时间不同温度显示如下：
– 1000°F (538°C) at 5 min
– 1462°F (795°C)at 20 min
– 1550°F (843°C) at 30 min
– 1700°F (927°C) at 1 h
– 1850°F (1010°C) at 2 h
– 2000°F (1093°C) at 4 h
– 其他更多时间
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－相关参考标准
– GB /T 9779复层建筑涂料
– GB /T 9978建筑构件耐火试验方法
– BS 476-20：建筑材料和构件的防火测试.第20部分:建筑构件耐火的测试方法(一般原理)
– BS 476-21：建筑材料和构件的防火测试.第21部分:承重构件耐火的测试方法
– BS 476-22：非载荷建筑元件防火测试方法
– EN 13501-1: 建筑制品和构件的火灾分级第一部分：用对火反应试验数据的分级
– DIN 4102-1: 建筑材料和构件的防火性能第一部分：建筑材料要求和测试的分类等级
– NF P 92-501: 法国材料阻燃防火测试M等级测定－刚性材料（M0,M1,M2,M3,M4）
– NF P 92-503: 法国材料阻燃防火测试M等级测定－柔性材料（M0,M1,M2,M3,M4）
– BS 476: 建筑材料阻燃测试，防火测试
[空星]UL 10B Fire Test of Door Assemblies
UL 10B 针对门系统结构的防火测试
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证 – UL认证简述
UL认证是为市场得到具有相当安全水准的商品，为人身健康和财产安全得到保证作出贡献。就产品安全认证作为消除国际贸易技术壁垒的有效手段而言，UL为促进国际贸易的发展也发挥着积极的作用。
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－涵盖范围：
– These methods of fire tests are applicable to door assemblies of various materials and types of construction for use in wall openings to retard the passage of fire
– Tests made in conformity with these test methods register performance during the test exposure; and such tests shall not be construed as determining compliance for use after exposure to fire
– It is the intent that tests made in conformity with these test methods develop data to enable regulatory bodies to determine the compliance of door assemblies for use in locations where fire resistance of a specified duration is required.
– These methods are intended to evaluate the ability of a door assembly to remain in an opening during a predetermined test exposure
– The tests expose a specimen to a standard fire exposure controlled to achieve specified temperatures throughout a specified time period, followed by the application of a specified standard fire hose stream. The exposure, however, is not representative of all fire conditions, which vary with changes in the amount, nature, and distribution of fire loading, ventilation, compartment size and configuration, and heat sink characteristics of the compartment. It does, however, provide a relative measure of fire performance of door assemblies under these specified fire exposure conditions.
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－标准时间—温度曲线：
暴露的门系统根据标准规定控制时间—温度，不同时间不同温度显示如下：
– 1000°F (538°C) at 5 min
– 1462°F (795°C)at 20 min
– 1550°F (843°C) at 30 min
– 1700°F (927°C) at 1 h
– 1850°F (1010°C) at 2 h
– 2000°F (1093°C) at 4 h
– 其他更多时间
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－相关参考标准
– GB /T 9779复层建筑涂料
– GB /T 9978建筑构件耐火试验方法
– BS 476-20：建筑材料和构件的防火测试.第20部分:建筑构件耐火的测试方法(一般原理)
– BS 476-21：建筑材料和构件的防火测试.第21部分:承重构件耐火的测试方法
– BS 476-22：非载荷建筑元件防火测试方法
– EN 13501-1: 建筑制品和构件的火灾分级第一部分：用对火反应试验数据的分级
– DIN 4102-1: 建筑材料和构件的防火性能第一部分：建筑材料要求和测试的分类等级
– NF P 92-501: 法国材料阻燃防火测试M等级测定－刚性材料（M0,M1,M2,M3,M4）
– NF P 92-503: 法国材料阻燃防火测试M等级测定－柔性材料（M0,M1,M2,M3,M4）
– BS 476: 建筑材料阻燃测试，防火测试
UL 10B 针对门系统结构的防火测试
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证 – UL认证简述
UL认证是为市场得到具有相当安全水准的商品，为人身健康和财产安全得到保证作出贡献。就产品安全认证作为消除国际贸易技术壁垒的有效手段而言，UL为促进国际贸易的发展也发挥着积极的作用。
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－涵盖范围：
– These methods of fire tests are applicable to door assemblies of various materials and types of construction for use in wall openings to retard the passage of fire
– Tests made in conformity with these test methods register performance during the test exposure; and such tests shall not be construed as determining compliance for use after exposure to fire
– It is the intent that tests made in conformity with these test methods develop data to enable regulatory bodies to determine the compliance of door assemblies for use in locations where fire resistance of a specified duration is required.
– These methods are intended to evaluate the ability of a door assembly to remain in an opening during a predetermined test exposure
– The tests expose a specimen to a standard fire exposure controlled to achieve specified temperatures throughout a specified time period, followed by the application of a specified standard fire hose stream. The exposure, however, is not representative of all fire conditions, which vary with changes in the amount, nature, and distribution of fire loading, ventilation, compartment size and configuration, and heat sink characteristics of the compartment. It does, however, provide a relative measure of fire performance of door assemblies under these specified fire exposure conditions.
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－标准时间—温度曲线：
暴露的门系统根据标准规定控制时间—温度，不同时间不同温度显示如下：
– 1000°F (538°C) at 5 min
– 1462°F (795°C)at 20 min
– 1550°F (843°C) at 30 min
– 1700°F (927°C) at 1 h
– 1850°F (1010°C) at 2 h
– 2000°F (1093°C) at 4 h
– 其他更多时间
UL防火认证-UL10B-防火门防火测试认证－相关参考标准
– GB /T 9779复层建筑涂料
– GB /T 9978建筑构件耐火试验方法
– BS 476-20：建筑材料和构件的防火测试.第20部分:建筑构件耐火的测试方法(一般原理)
– BS 476-21：建筑材料和构件的防火测试.第21部分:承重构件耐火的测试方法
– BS 476-22：非载荷建筑元件防火测试方法
– EN 13501-1: 建筑制品和构件的火灾分级第一部分：用对火反应试验数据的分级
– DIN 4102-1: 建筑材料和构件的防火性能第一部分：建筑材料要求和测试的分类等级
– NF P 92-501: 法国材料阻燃防火测试M等级测定－刚性材料（M0,M1,M2,M3,M4）
– NF P 92-503: 法国材料阻燃防火测试M等级测定－柔性材料（M0,M1,M2,M3,M4）
– BS 476: 建筑材料阻燃测试，防火测试
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